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1.
Cir Pediatr ; 33(1): 43-46, 2020 Jan 20.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32166923

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Subglottic cyst is a rare cause of airway obstruction, and there is a lack of evidence about the best treatment in the literature. This report describes our experience with endoscopic removal. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective study of all patients undergoing endoscopic removal of subglottic cyst at our healthcare facility between 2014 and 2019 was performed. Clinic and demographic data regarding gestational age, intubation, comorbidities, surgical procedures, first symptoms, endoscopic findings, treatment, and follow-up were collected. RESULTS: Four patients were identified. Two out of four (50%) were preterm, and all patients were intubated during their neonatal period. Median age and weight at diagnosis were 6.5 months (6-8) and 5.9 kg (3.6-7). Median time between last intubation and diagnosis was 119.5 days (71-171). Biphasic stridor and progressive respiratory distress were the most common clinical symptoms. Airway obstruction of at least 50% was found during upper airway endoscopy in all patients. Endoscopic removal was performed as a first-line treatment in 3 patients, and as a second-line treatment in 1 patient. Median intubation time after treatment and hospital stay were 13.5 hours (0-48) and 7 days (6-9). All four patients are free of disease, with a median follow-up of 17.5 months (6-42). CONCLUSION: Subglottic cyst is a rare cause of post-extubation stridor. Endoscopic removal seems to be a feasible and effective treatment with a low recurrence rate.


INTRODUCCION: Los quistes ductales subglóticos adquiridos (QDSA) son una causa rara de obstrucción de la vía aérea, sin consenso en la literatura en cuanto al tratamiento más eficaz. Presentamos nuestra experiencia en el tratamiento de los QDSA. MATERIAL Y METODOS: Estudio retrospectivo de los pacientes tratados en nuestro centro por QDSA en los últimos 5 años. Se recogieron los antecedentes de intubación, la clínica presentada, el tratamiento realizado, la evolución postquirúrgica, el seguimiento en consulta y los controles endoscópicos. RESULTADOS: Se identificaron 4 pacientes, con unas medianas de edad y peso de 6,5 meses (6-8) y 5,9 kg (3,6-7), respectivamente. Todos presentaron antecedentes de intubación por intervenciones quirúrgicas, siendo prematuros 2 de ellos. La mediana entre la última intubación y el diagnóstico fue de 119,5 días (71-171). La clínica consistió en estridor bifásico con mejoría postural presentando una ocupación de la luz traqueal de más del 50% en la endoscopia diagnóstica. Se realizó escisión endoscópica (EE) al diagnóstico en 3 de los pacientes y como técnica de rescate en el cuarto por recidiva tras tratamiento con drenaje y dilatación con balón. La mediana de tiempo de intubación postquirúrgico fue de 13,5 horas (0-48) y la estancia hospitalaria de 7 días (6-9). Tras un seguimiento mediano de 17,5 meses (6-42) no se ha presentado ninguna recidiva. CONCLUSION: Los QDSA son una causa poco frecuente de estridor post-extubación. La EE permite un tratamiento eficaz con baja tasa de recidiva.


Assuntos
Obstrução das Vias Respiratórias/cirurgia , Cistos/cirurgia , Endoscopia/métodos , Doenças da Laringe/cirurgia , Obstrução das Vias Respiratórias/etiologia , Cistos/diagnóstico , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Lactente , Intubação Intratraqueal , Doenças da Laringe/diagnóstico , Masculino , Sons Respiratórios/etiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos
2.
Cir. pediátr ; 33(1): 43-46, ene. 2020. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-186137

RESUMO

Introducción: Los quistes ductales subglóticos adquiridos (QDSA) son una causa rara de obstrucción de la vía aérea, sin consenso en la literatura en cuanto al tratamiento más eficaz. Presentamos nuestra experiencia en el tratamiento de los QDSA. Material y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo de los pacientes trata-dos en nuestro centro por QDSA en los últimos 5 años. Se recogieron los antecedentes de intubación, la clínica presentada, el tratamiento realizado, la evolución postquirúrgica, el seguimiento en consulta y los controles endoscópicos. Resultados: Se identificaron 4 pacientes, con unas medianas de edad y peso de 6,5 meses (6-8) y 5,9 kg (3,6-7), respectivamente. Todos presentaron antecedentes de intubación por intervenciones quirúrgicas, siendo prematuros 2 de ellos. La mediana entre la última intubación y el diagnóstico fue de 119,5 días (71-171). La clínica consistió en estridor bifásico con mejoría postural presentando una ocupación de la luz traqueal de más del 50% en la endoscopia diagnóstica. Se realizó escisión endoscópica (EE) al diagnóstico en 3 de los pacientes y como técnica de rescate en el cuarto por recidiva tras tratamiento con drenaje y dilatación con balón. La mediana de tiempo de intubación postquirúrgico fue de 13,5 horas (0-48) y la estancia hospitalaria de 7 días (6-9). Tras un seguimiento mediano de 17,5 meses (6-42) no se ha presentado ninguna recidiva. Conclusión: Los QDSA son una causa poco frecuente de estridor post-extubación. La EE permite un tratamiento eficaz con baja tasa de recidiva


Introduction: Subglottic cyst is a rare cause of airway obstruction, and there is a lack of evidence about the best treatment in the literature. This report describes our experience with endoscopic removal. Materials and methods: A retrospective study of all patients un-dergoing endoscopic removal of subglottic cyst at our healthcare facility between 2014 and 2019 was performed. Clinic and demographic data regarding gestational age, intubation, comorbidities, surgical procedures, first symptoms, endoscopic findings, treatment, and follow-up were collected. Results: Four patients were identified. Two out of four (50%) were preterm, and all patients were intubated during their neonatal period. Median age and weight at diagnosis were 6.5 months (6-8) and 5.9 kg (3.6-7). Median time between last intubation and diagnosis was 119.5 days (71-171). Biphasic stridor and progressive respiratory distress were the most common clinical symptoms. Airway obstruction of at least 50% was found during upper airway endoscopy in all patients. Endoscopic removal was performed as a first-line treatment in 3 patients, and as a second-line treatment in 1 patient. Median intubation time after treatment and hospital stay were 13.5 hours (0-48) and 7 days (6-9). All four pa-tients are free of disease, with a median follow-up of 17.5 months (6-42). Conclusion: Subglottic cyst is a rare cause of post-extubation stri-dor. Endoscopic removal seems to be a feasible and effective treatment with a low recurrence rate


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Lactente , Cistos/diagnóstico por imagem , Cistos/cirurgia , Glote/cirurgia , Endoscopia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Glote/diagnóstico por imagem , Cistos/patologia , Intubação , Tempo de Internação , Traqueia/patologia , Traqueia/cirurgia , Tomografia de Coerência Óptica
3.
Rev. esp. anestesiol. reanim ; 65(4): 234-237, abr. 2018. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-177055

RESUMO

El síndrome de Williams-Beuren es la manifestación clínica de una alteración genética congénita en el gen de la elastina, entre otros. Existen antecedentes de parada cardíaca refractaria a maniobras de resucitación en contexto anestésico. Es alta la incidencia de isquemia miocárdica durante la inducción anestésica, pero existen pacientes que, sin esta causa, también presentan eventos cardíacos muy graves. Quedan cuestiones aún por resolver. La descripción de casos permitirá definir factores fisiopatológicos comunes y disminuir la morbimortalidad. Presentamos el caso de un niño de 3 años con parada cardíaca en la inducción anestésica, rescatado con asistencia circulatoria con membrana de oxigenación extracorpórea e hipotermia inducida como protección cerebral


Williams-Beuren syndrome is the clinical manifestation of a congenital genetic disorder in the elastin gene, among others. There is a history of cardiac arrest refractory to resuscitation manoeuvres in anaesthesia. The incidence of myocardial ischaemia is high during anaesthetic induction, but there are patients who do not have this condition yet also have had very serious cardiac events, and issues that are still to be resolved. Case descriptions will enable the common pathophysiological factors to be defined, and decrease morbidity and mortality. We report the case of a 3-year-old boy with cardiac arrest at induction, rescued with circulatory assistance with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and hypothermia induced for cerebral protection


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Pré-Escolar , Síndrome de Williams/complicações , Anestésicos/efeitos adversos , Parada Cardíaca/induzido quimicamente , Estenose Aórtica Supravalvular/cirurgia , Oxigenação por Membrana Extracorpórea , Hipotermia Induzida , Fatores de Risco , Traumatismo por Reperfusão/complicações
4.
Rev. esp. anestesiol. reanim ; 65(3): 165-169, mar. 2018. ilus, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-171358

RESUMO

La oximetría cerebral «near infrared spectroscopy»(NIRS) determina la oxigenación tisular cerebral. Describimos el caso clínico de un niño de 12 meses de edad con hemiparesia derecha secundaria a infarto de arteria cerebral media izquierda hacía 8 meses. El niño fue sometido a una ampliación del tracto de salida del ventrículo derecho por estenosis pulmonar mediante bypass cardiopulmonar. En periodos del bypass cardiopulmonar se detectan asimetrías NIRS entre ambos hemisferios cerebrales con descensos críticos en hemisferio derecho lo que indica estados de perfusión y consumo de oxígeno diferentes entre los 2 hemisferios. La utilización de neuromonitorización multimodal NIRS-BIS permitió actuar sobre la presión de perfusión y profundidad anestésica para equilibrar la balanza entre el aporte y el consumo de oxígeno cerebral. No se detectó daño neurológico sobreañadido en el postoperatorio. Consideramos necesaria la monitorización NIRS bilateral para detectar asimetrías entre los 2 hemisferios, que aunque no se manifiesten en el registro basal, pueden surgir en el periodo intraoperatorio, permitiendo detectar y tratar la isquemia-hipoxia cerebral en el hemisferio sano, que provocaría un daño neurológico sobreañadido (AU)


Cerebral oximetry based on near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) technology is used to determine cerebral tissue oxygenation. We hereby present the clinical case of a 12-month old child with right hemiparesis secondary to prior left middle cerebral artery stroke 8 months ago. The child underwent surgical enlargement of the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) with cardiopulmonary bypass. During cardiopulmonary bypass, asymmetric NIRS results were detected between both hemispheres. The utilization of multimodal neuromonitoring (NIRS-BIS) allowed acting on both perfusion pressure and anesthetic depth to balance out the supply and demand of cerebral oxygen consumption. No new neurological sequelae were observed postoperatively. We consider bilateral NIRS monitoring necessary in order to detect asymmetries between cerebral hemispheres. Although asymmetries were not present at baseline, they can arise intraoperatively and its monitoring thus allows the detection and treatment of cerebral ischemia-hypoxia in the healthy hemisphere, which if undetected and untreated would lead to additional neurological damage (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Lactente , Ponte Cardiopulmonar/métodos , Infarto Cerebral/cirurgia , Oximetria/métodos , Espectroscopia de Luz Próxima ao Infravermelho/métodos , Consumo de Oxigênio/fisiologia , Monitorização Neurofisiológica Intraoperatória/métodos , Estenose da Valva Pulmonar/complicações
5.
Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim (Engl Ed) ; 65(4): 234-237, 2018 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29246395

RESUMO

Williams-Beuren syndrome is the clinical manifestation of a congenital genetic disorder in the elastin gene, among others. There is a history of cardiac arrest refractory to resuscitation manoeuvres in anaesthesia. The incidence of myocardial ischaemia is high during anaesthetic induction, but there are patients who do not have this condition yet also have had very serious cardiac events, and issues that are still to be resolved. Case descriptions will enable the common pathophysiological factors to be defined, and decrease morbidity and mortality. We report the case of a 3-year-old boy with cardiac arrest at induction, rescued with circulatory assistance with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and hypothermia induced for cerebral protection.


Assuntos
Anestesia por Inalação/efeitos adversos , Anestésicos Inalatórios/efeitos adversos , Parada Cardíaca/induzido quimicamente , Complicações Intraoperatórias/induzido quimicamente , Sevoflurano/efeitos adversos , Síndrome de Williams/complicações , Estenose Aórtica Supravalvular/etiologia , Estenose Aórtica Supravalvular/cirurgia , Artérias/patologia , Bradicardia/etiologia , Pré-Escolar , Terapia Combinada , Suscetibilidade a Doenças , Oxigenação por Membrana Extracorpórea , Parada Cardíaca/etiologia , Parada Cardíaca/fisiopatologia , Valvas Cardíacas/patologia , Humanos , Hipotermia Induzida , Hipóxia-Isquemia Encefálica/etiologia , Hipóxia-Isquemia Encefálica/prevenção & controle , Complicações Intraoperatórias/etiologia , Masculino , Hipotonia Muscular/etiologia , Paresia/etiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Síndrome de Williams/patologia
6.
Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim (Engl Ed) ; 65(3): 165-169, 2018 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28958609

RESUMO

Cerebral oximetry based on near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) technology is used to determine cerebral tissue oxygenation. We hereby present the clinical case of a 12-month old child with right hemiparesis secondary to prior left middle cerebral artery stroke 8 months ago. The child underwent surgical enlargement of the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) with cardiopulmonary bypass. During cardiopulmonary bypass, asymmetric NIRS results were detected between both hemispheres. The utilization of multimodal neuromonitoring (NIRS-BIS) allowed acting on both perfusion pressure and anesthetic depth to balance out the supply and demand of cerebral oxygen consumption. No new neurological sequelae were observed postoperatively. We consider bilateral NIRS monitoring necessary in order to detect asymmetries between cerebral hemispheres. Although asymmetries were not present at baseline, they can arise intraoperatively and its monitoring thus allows the detection and treatment of cerebral ischemia-hypoxia in the healthy hemisphere, which if undetected and untreated would lead to additional neurological damage.


Assuntos
Ponte Cardiopulmonar , Hipóxia-Isquemia Encefálica/diagnóstico , Infarto da Artéria Cerebral Média/metabolismo , Complicações Intraoperatórias/diagnóstico , Monitorização Intraoperatória/métodos , Oximetria/métodos , Estenose da Valva Pulmonar/cirurgia , Obstrução do Fluxo Ventricular Externo/cirurgia , Circulação Cerebrovascular , Forame Oval Patente/complicações , Humanos , Hipóxia-Isquemia Encefálica/prevenção & controle , Lactente , Infarto da Artéria Cerebral Média/complicações , Complicações Intraoperatórias/prevenção & controle , Masculino , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso/prevenção & controle , Consumo de Oxigênio , Paresia/etiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/prevenção & controle , Deficiência de Proteína C/complicações , Estenose da Valva Pulmonar/complicações , Espectroscopia de Luz Próxima ao Infravermelho , Obstrução do Fluxo Ventricular Externo/complicações
7.
An. pediatr. (2003, Ed. impr.) ; 74(1): 10-14, ene. 2011. graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-90245

RESUMO

Este estudio fue diseñado para validar en 54 niños españoles, de 1 mes a 6 años de edad, una nueva escala de valoración de dolor agudo, la escala LLANTO, comparando sus puntuaciones con las obtenidas con la escala CHEOPS. LLANTO es el acrónimo de cinco parámetros conductuales o fisiológicos que previamente han sido relacionadas con el dolor agudo en niños (llanto, actitud, normorrespiración, tono postural y observación facial). La escala LLANTO fue estudiada en su validez y su reproducibilidad. Se estudió el comportamiento de los niños en la Unidad de Recuperación Post Anestésica (URPA) inmediatamente antes y después de la administración del pertinente tratamiento analgésico. Tres observadores (un médico experimentado, un residente en formación y una enfermera) valoraron con las dos escalas la conducta de los niños simultáneamente pero de modo independiente uno del otro. La escala LLANTO presentó una correlación aceptable entre los distintos observadores (0,809, 0,686 y 0,908; p<0,0001). La escala LLANTO presentó una adecuada validez discriminante (p<0,002) diferenciando las dos situaciones de pre y postadministración de analgesia. Ambas escalas mostraron un alto nivel de correlación (0,804; p<0,0001) evidenciando la adecuada validez convergente de la escala LLANTO. El análisis k de concordancia demostró un nivel perfecto de coincidencia entre la escala LLANTO y la escala CHEOPS que se correspondió con unas adecuadas sensibilidad (96%) y especificidad (87%). En base a estos hallazgos, podemos recomendar la escala LLANTO como un instrumento válido, reproducible y práctico de medición del dolor agudo en los niños preescolares en entorno hispanoparlante (AU)


This study was designed to validate a new paediatric acute pain scale, LLANTO, comparing its scores with those obtained from the CHEOPS scale in 54 Spanish children aged 1 month-6 years. LLANTO is an acronym of five behavioural or physiological variables previously shown to be associated with pain in children (crying, attitude, respiratory pattern, muscle tone and facial expression). The LLANTO pain scale was tested for validity and inter-rater reliability. The children's behaviour was observed after surgery, before and after analgesics administration in the post-anaesthesia care unit (PACU). Three observers (an experienced physician, a resident in training and a nurse) then simultaneously rated pain behaviour in a blinded way with both scales. LLANTO scale had an acceptable inter-rater correlation (0.809, 0.686 and 0.908, P<0.0001). Construct validity was determined by the ability to differentiate the group with a high pain level before analgesia and after analgesia (P<0.002). The positive correlation between both scales (r=0.804, P<0.0001) supported concurrent validity. Use of the ê statistic indicated that LLANTO scale yielded a perfect agreement with the CHEOPS scale, with an appropriate sensitivity and specificity (96% and 87% respectively). On the basis of data from this study, we recommend LLANTO as a valid, reliable and practical tool for Spanish speakers (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Dor/diagnóstico , /métodos , Limiar da Dor , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Sensibilidade e Especificidade
8.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 74(1): 10-4, 2011 Jan.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20869926

RESUMO

This study was designed to validate a new paediatric acute pain scale, LLANTO, comparing its scores with those obtained from the CHEOPS scale in 54 Spanish children aged 1 month-6 years. LLANTO is an acronym of five behavioural or physiological variables previously shown to be associated with pain in children (crying, attitude, respiratory pattern, muscle tone and facial expression). The LLANTO pain scale was tested for validity and inter-rater reliability. The children's behaviour was observed after surgery, before and after analgesics administration in the post-anaesthesia care unit (PACU). Three observers (an experienced physician, a resident in training and a nurse) then simultaneously rated pain behaviour in a blinded way with both scales. LLANTO scale had an acceptable inter-rater correlation (0.809, 0.686 and 0.908, P<0.0001). Construct validity was determined by the ability to differentiate the group with a high pain level before analgesia and after analgesia (P<0.002). The positive correlation between both scales (r=0.804, P<0.0001) supported concurrent validity. Use of the κ statistic indicated that LLANTO scale yielded a perfect agreement with the CHEOPS scale, with an appropriate sensitivity and specificity (96% and 87% respectively). On the basis of data from this study, we recommend LLANTO as a valid, reliable and practical tool for Spanish speakers.


Assuntos
Medição da Dor , Dor/diagnóstico , Doença Aguda , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Espanha
9.
Pediátrika (Madr.) ; 26(3): 64-68, mar. 2006.
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-044845

RESUMO

Más de 2 millones de personas reciben tratamientomédico cada año como consecuencia de lesionestérmicas. De los 100.000 pacientes hospitalizadosanualmente por quemaduras, el 30-40% tienen menosde 15 años. A pesar del notable aumento de lasupervivencia debido a la reanimación con fluidoterapiaagresiva, tratamiento efectivo de las complicacionesy avance de las técnicas quirúrgicas, las lesionespor inhalación y las quemaduras continúansiendo una causa importante de morbi-mortalidadpediátrica. Por tanto, se sigue necesitando más investigacióny estudio en este campo, para mejorareste tipo de pacientes.El cuidado del paciente pediátrico quemado, sepractica de modo más eficaz mediante un abordajemultidisciplinar en un centro con experiencia, con lacooperación de múltiples especialistas, entre los quese incluyen cirujanos, pediatras, anestesiólogos, psiquiatras,trabajadores sociales y enfermeras.Este artículo revisa también algunos problemasrelacionados de gran importancia, como son las lesionespor inhalación, la intoxicación por monóxidode carbono, y las lesiones eléctricas.Se hace especial énfasis en el tratamiento precozde las quemaduras


More than 2 million people receive medical treatmentfor thermal injury each year. Of the 100.000patients hospitalized for thermal injuries, 30 to 40%are under the age of 15 years. Despite improvementin survival due to agressive fluid resuscitation,effective treatment of complications, and improvedsurgical techniques, burn and inhalational injuriescontinue to be a major cause of morbidity and mortalityin the paediatric population. Further researchis required to continue to improve care of the burntpatient.The care of the paediatric burnt patient is bestmanaged by a multidisciplinary approach in an experiencedcentre with cooperation of specialists includingsurgeons, pediatricians, anesthesiologists, psychiatrists,socialworkers and nurses.This article covers several important related subjects:burns, inhalation injury, carbon monoxide poisoning,and electrical injury. Emphasis is placed onearly management of burns


Assuntos
Criança , Humanos , Queimaduras/terapia , Queimaduras/fisiopatologia , Queimaduras/epidemiologia
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